Most common prejudices

What are some of the most common ways people discriminate against each other? Some of the areas where people show their intolerance are well- known, such as race. But others (01) are less acknowledged${}^1$, even if more common:

Age: Ageism (02) is more common than you think. Older people are thought to be inflexible and stuck${}^2$ in the past, while younger people are seen as inexperienced and naive. (03) One-fifth of working adults say they experience ageism in the workplace (04)(05).

Class: Classism usually takes the form of discrimination by wealthier people against those who are less well off. However, classism goes both ways - people of lower economic status can see the wealthy as elite snobs who, while monetarily secure, are morally bankrupt${}^3$.

Color: Different from racism, colorism is discrimination based only on the color of a person’s skin; how relatively dark or light they are. Colorism takes place within and between races. It is common in multi-ethnic and non-white societies and societies with historical racial prejudice.

Ability: (06)Usually called ableism, a less well-known form of prejudice(07) is discrimination against people with visible disabilities such as (08)those in wheelchairs or with a learning disability(09). The disabled face discrimination not only from their peers${}^4$, but from institutions, schools, employers, and landowners${}^5$ who are hesitant to accommodate the disabled.

Sex/Gender: Possibly the most universal and long running prejudice is that based on a person’s gender or sex. Historically, sexism has placed men in a more advantageous position than women.

Weight/Size: In short, sizeism is discrimination based on (10)a person’s body size or weight(11). Sizeism works with social standards of beauty and usually takes the form of discrimination against the overweight — anti-fat prejudice.

Religion: Religious discrimination and persecution(12) has been common throughout history. But (13)prejudice based on religious affiliation(14) doesn’t end with organized religion; (15)atheists are prone${}^6$ to discrimination and being discriminated(16) against.

Sexual orientation: Most commonly, prejudice based on sexual orientation includes discrimination against those of a non-heterosexual orientation. Discrimination against the non-heterosexual takes many forms depending on the society. In some societies prejudice is open and tolerated, but in most Western societies, bias${}^7$ against the non-heterosexual is more discreet.

Country of origin: Nativism is a common form of discrimination against immigrants to a country. Unlike many other forms of discrimination, nativism is many times encouraged and enforced by some public entities.

(17)Which prejudice do you have?(18) Which prejudice have you experienced?

(Adapted from https://aloftyexistence.wordpress.com)

Glossary

1. acknowledged - reconhecidos (as)

2. stuck - presos (as)

3. bankrupt - falidos (as)

4. peers - pares; colegas

5. landowners - proprietários (as)

6. prone - propensos (as)

7. bias - julgamento ou opinião parcial

Mark the false statement below in relation to the text.