UNICAMP 2001 Inglês - Questões

While women are less likely to suffer heart attacks than men, once a woman suffers her first attack she is 70 per cent more likely to die from it than a man. These surprising new findings highlight the need for medical staff to be more vigilant against heart disease in women.

Researchers at the Municipal Institute of Medical Research in Barcelona studied 331 women and 1129 men who had suffered their first heart attack. The researchers report in The Journal of the American Medical Association (vol 280 pg 1405) that women were 72 per cent more likely to die within the first six months. "We were surprised that women were so much more at risk", says Jaume Marrugat, who led the Spanish team.

Marrugat notes that women were less likely to get clot-busting treatment than men, and that they generally took more time getting to hospital- problems that may reflect the low priority doctors put on heart disease on women. Heart specialist Graham McGregor of St George’s Hospital School in London also notes that women tend to be older than men at their first heart attack because they have some hormonal protection against heart disease until menopause. On average, women in the Spanish study were five years older than the men.

"These are important factors to consider but they can’t account for the whole difference", says Marrugat. "Women have more complications in the first six months and their initial heart attacks may be more severe." He speculates that narrower coronary vessels in women may be a factor. Nonetheless, heart disease remains a bigger killer of men than women.

Michael Day

(Magazine issue 2158 , published 31 October 1998.)

Considerando as razões apresentadas pelos pesquisadores, qual é the surprising truth about women’s hearts?

While women are less likely to suffer heart attacks than men, once a woman suffers her first attack she is 70 per cent more likely to die from it than a man. These surprising new findings highlight the need for medical staff to be more vigilant against heart disease in women.

Researchers at the Municipal Institute of Medical Research in Barcelona studied 331 women and 1129 men who had suffered their first heart attack. The researchers report in The Journal of the American Medical Association (vol 280 pg 1405) that women were 72 per cent more likely to die within the first six months. "We were surprised that women were so much more at risk", says Jaume Marrugat, who led the Spanish team.

Marrugat notes that women were less likely to get clot-busting treatment than men, and that they generally took more time getting to hospital- problems that may reflect the low priority doctors put on heart disease on women. Heart specialist Graham McGregor of St George’s Hospital School in London also notes that women tend to be older than men at their first heart attack because they have some hormonal protection against heart disease until menopause. On average, women in the Spanish study were five years older than the men.

"These are important factors to consider but they can’t account for the whole difference", says Marrugat. "Women have more complications in the first six months and their initial heart attacks may be more severe." He speculates that narrower coronary vessels in women may be a factor. Nonetheless, heart disease remains a bigger killer of men than women.

Michael Day

(Magazine issue 2158 , published 31 October 1998.)

Por que, segundo Graham McGregor, as mulheres tendem a sofrer seus primeiros ataques cardíacos em idade mais avançada que os homens?

As cartas abaixo foram escritas por leitores de um artigo publicado na revista Time em 04/09/2000. Leia-as e responda às questões.

After reading your article about genetically modified foods, I am sure that the public debate about this subject is too serious to be left to organizations that rate high in theatrics but low in public education. If genetically engineered and enriched food could help starving people around the world, it would be a pity to lose this opportunity because of some well-fed protesters in silly costumes.

Silvina Beatriz Codina, Buenos Aires.

If the third world does not curb its exploding population growth, no amount of genetically altered food will save it. Family planning that will result in fewer children will improve the standard of living far more effectively than enriched rice.

Edward Robb, Vancouver.

1. a) Considerando o teor das cartas, qual era o tema discutido no artigo em questão?
   

2. b) Com base em que hipótese Silvina Beatriz Codina constrói seu argumento?
   

As cartas abaixo foram escritas por leitores de um artigo publicado na revista Time em 04/09/2000. Leia-as e responda às questões.

After reading your article about genetically modified foods, I am sure that the public debate about this subject is too serious to be left to organizations that rate high in theatrics but low in public education. If genetically engineered and enriched food could help starving people around the world, it would be a pity to lose this opportunity because of some well-fed protesters in silly costumes.

Silvina Beatriz Codina, Buenos Aires.

If the third world does not curb its exploding population growth, no amount of genetically altered food will save it. Family planning that will result in fewer children will improve the standard of living far more effectively than enriched rice.

Edward Robb, Vancouver.

As duas cartas assumem posições diferentes sobre o assunto em pauta. Qual é a posição de Edward Robb?

O texto "Some Like it Hot" foi extraído da revista Popular Science (abril de 1998). Leia-o e responda à questão.

Some Like It Hot

Why do people in Thailand prefer spicier food than people in Sweden? It’s because spices offer some protection against the food-spoilage bacteria that thrive in hot climates, according to two biologists at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.

After analyzing thousands of recipes for the traditional meat-based dishes of 36 countries, Jennifer Biling and Paul W. Sherman conclude that countries with hotter climates use spices more frequently than countries with cooler climates. And within large countries such as the United States, the hottest regions have the hottest foods: Chili is a hit in a San Antonio, while chilly Boston tends toward clam clowder.

A taste for spices has been passed down over many generations. In hot climates, our ancestors who enjoyed spices with their food were apt to live longer and produce more offspring, says Sherman. "And they taught offspring and others: ’This is how to cook a mastodon.’" _D.S.

Some Like it Hot, Popular Science 1998.

De acordo com o texto, por que os tailandeses gostam mais de comidas condimentadas do que os suecos?